In April, Coda Story’s Mat Nashed reported on the threats to Egyptian health workers who criticized the state response to the pandemic. Now, facing a sharp spike in cases, rights groups and trade unions say President Abdel-Fattah el-Sissi's government has escalated its intimidation of doctors and pharmacists.

Since we published our story, the forced disappearances and arbitrary arrests of healthcare workers have increased, according to Haitham Ghonim, a co-founder of the international rights group WeRecord. Doctors and pharmacists have been targeted in retaliation for speaking out about the government’s response to Covid-19, which has been criticized for its inadequate testing and underreporting of infections.

When we spoke last week, Ghonim said he knew of two health workers currently missing and suspected to be under arrest.

On Tuesday, Egypt’s top medical union, the Egyptian Medical Syndicate posted a letter on Facebook to the prosecutor general demanding the release of five doctors who were arrested on various charges ranging from fake news to membership in the Muslim Brotherhood, a banned political organization, after posting criticism of the government on social media.